Chloramphenicol is a phenicol-class antibiotic effective against a broad range of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Commonly used in microbiology, cell culture, molecular biology, and genetic engineering, it serves as a selective agent by inhibiting bacterial protein synthesis via the 50S ribosomal subunit. It allows the growth of cells carrying the Chloramphenicol resistance gene while inhibiting non-transformed cells. It is used to maintain plasmids and vectors with the resistance gene and supports studies on gene expression and protein synthesis.
